Prevalence and Clinical Features of Glaucoma in Pediatric Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I: A Retrospective Descriptive Study
Y. Achegri
*
Department of Ophthalmology, Mohamed V Military Study Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.
A. Bouimtarhan
Department of Ophthalmology, Mohamed V Military Study Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.
S. Azib
Department of Ophthalmology, Mohamed V Military Study Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.
C. Bouabbadi
Department of Ophthalmology, Mohamed V Military Study Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.
I. Jeddou
Department of Ophthalmology, Mohamed V Military Study Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.
A. El Khoyaali
Department of Ophthalmology, Mohamed V Military Study Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.
A. Fiqhi
Department of Ophthalmology, Mohamed V Military Study Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.
Y. Mouzari
Department of Ophthalmology, Mohamed V Military Study Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.
S. Ait Hmadouch
Department of Pediatrics, Mohamed V Military Study Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.
A. Radi
Department of Pediatrics, Mohamed V Military Study Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.
A. Laaraj
Department of Pediatrics, Mohamed V Military Study Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.
R. Abilkassem
Department of Pediatrics, Mohamed V Military Study Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the prevalence, clinical characteristics, diagnostic challenges, and therapeutic outcomes of glaucoma in children diagnosed with mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I).
Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on 12 pediatric patients (aged 4–17 years) with confirmed MPS I, followed jointly by the Pediatrics and Ophthalmology departments of HMIMV Hospital, Rabat.
Results: All patients exhibited corneal opacification with normal anterior chamber depth. The iridocorneal angle was open in seven cases. Pachymetry ranged from 580 to 735 μm (mean = 667 μm). Adjusted IOP ranged between 15 and 59 mmHg (mean = 20 mmHg). Three patients (25%) were diagnosed as glaucomatous or glaucoma suspects. Patients received enzyme replacement therapy, and the glaucoma was treated medically, with follow up showing significant improvement of IOP and Cup/Disc ratio.
Conclusion: Glaucoma represents a challenging but significant ocular manifestation of MPS I. Prevalence of glaucoma in MPSs patients (ranged from 2.1% to 12.5%) indicated that it was worthy of attention and further study so that quality of life for MPSs patients could be improved. Early, multimodal diagnostic evaluation and individualized management are crucial.
Keywords: Glaucoma, screening, children, mucopolysaccharidosis